Review

What's new

New features, improvements and medical content corrections, newest first. If you reported an error, you can find its fix here.

  • New Liver map in TARE: Couinaud segments, labelled hepatic arteries and common variants (right hepatic from the SMA, left hepatic from the left gastric), the segments supplied by the chosen catheter tip, several lesions (true size, each with its own dose and status against the target), gastroduodenal, right gastric and cystic arteries with coils. Lesions measured in image analysis can be listed and sent to the map; measurements are never written to the address bar or the browser.
  • Improved Organs in the dose-tool animations are redrawn after anatomy atlases: a butterfly-shaped thyroid with hyoid, thyroid cartilage, cricoid and tracheal rings; heart chambers and great vessels, lung fissures, renal cortex, pyramids and pelvis. In TARE, glass, resin and Ho-166 microspheres now look different, and a single sphere of the chosen product is shown at true scale with its internal structure.
  • Content correction Corrected to current ENSDF data: Sc-44 half-life 4.04 h (was 3.97), Ti-44 half-life 59.1 years (was 60) — Sections 2.5.5 and 11.3; the fraction of Mo-99 decays leading to Tc-99m is now a single value, 87.6%, across the text, questions and generator animations (previously written as 87.5%, 88% and ~87%).
  • Content correction The explanation of Chapter 13 question 5 now matches the text: 5 mCi I-131 can be used for diagnostic WBS but is above the ≤3 mCi limit the book recommends for stunning, which is why I-123 is the most appropriate choice.
  • Content correction Diagnostic radioiodine whole-body scan activity updated to the SNMMI/EANM 2022 guideline: 37-74 MBq (1-2 mCi) after thyroid hormone withdrawal, 110-148 MBq (3-4 mCi) with rhTSH (was 75-185 MBq). Mo-99 half-life updated to the current ENSDF value, 65.92 h (was 65.94).
  • New Content reports you send now get a pre-review by Claude: each report is compared with the relevant chapter and the latest guidelines and a sourced suggestion is prepared; the physician editor makes the final decision.
  • New Your feedback now reaches us directly: the "Feedback" form on every page and the votes under animations and figures go into a review queue on our server; content errors are checked against sources and corrected, and medical changes are made only with a physician's approval. If you're offline, your feedback waits in your browser and is sent automatically later.
  • New New "Share usage data" switch in Settings (off by default): if you allow it, we learn in aggregate and without your identity which questions are hard, which topics are missing and which animation steps are unclear. No name, email, IP or patient data is sent; you can turn it off at any time.
  • New Live animations in the dose tools: in TARE, how the activity splits from the vial into lung shunt, tumour and normal liver and the dose in each compartment (true anatomy, updated instantly from your inputs); in I-131 therapy, from uptake to absorbed dose (neck at true scale); in Lu-177 dosimetry, dose building up in organs over time and the cycle total; the decay and discharge calculators now have graphs too. Medical review in progress.
  • Improved Report dictation: SUV is written with one decimal (8.0); two dimensions ("fourteen by nine millimetres" → 14 × 9 mm) and a lymph node short axis can be dictated.
  • New New on the home page, "What's inside": the textbook, animations, board review, dose calculators, reports and dictation, image analysis, TARE and dosimetry, academic tools, the calendar and using it with Claude, each shown with a moving visual.
  • New The site has a new logo: an atom with two orbits, a nucleus of protons and neutrons and a gamma photon leaving it. It appears in the top bar, the browser tab, the phone home screen and link previews.
  • New The site is now called Nuclear Medicine Explained (NM Explained on phones).
  • Improved Stability map (Figure 1.7): in the narrated steps, tapping a nucleus walks its decay path step by step to a stable nucleus, with the card showing each step; the walkthrough then resumes where it left off.
  • Improved In report dictation, English numbers such as "one hundred and five", the units "millimetres/centimetres" and hyphenated options such as "CT low dose" are now recognised correctly.
  • Improved Visual details: the Board tip and "Why it matters" boxes now have a thin tinted border instead of a thick left stripe; interface icons share one stroke weight; in search, if one tab has no results a button takes you to the other tab.
  • New Entries for more countries were added to the calendar: the German-Austrian-Swiss Three-Country Meeting (Leipzig, April 2027), the DGN Summer School and Hamburg Nuclear Medicine Days, the BNMS Spring Meeting (Belfast), ANZSNM (Gold Coast), JSNM Japan (Himeji), SNMICON India, AOCNMB Asia-Oceania (Jeddah), CBMN Brazil (Aracaju) and the Royal College of Canada nuclear medicine examination 2027. Choosing a country shows that country's, its region's and international entries.
  • New Voxel dosimetry for TARE from images: predictive from MAA SPECT and delivered from post-treatment Y-90 PET (local deposition method; relative or absolute calibration), DVH for tumour, non-tumoral perfused liver and perfused region (Dmean, D95, D70, D50, D2, V threshold) with a curve, dose map on the image, plan versus delivered comparison. Liver volume is measured semi-automatically on CT and the whole non-tumoral liver is transferred to the calculator.
  • New PET oncology measures in image analysis: SUL (lean body mass, the Janmahasatian formula recommended by EANM 2025), blood pool reference, tumour/liver and tumour/blood pool ratios, qPET with its quantitative Deauville equivalent, lesion count, Dmax and SDmax; MTV and TLG of the selected lesion with all five segmentation methods side by side. All are written to the CSV as well.
  • New Lesion measurements in image analysis can now be corrected by hand: "Brush" adds voxels to the selected lesion or draws a new one, "Eraser" removes them, "Undo" (Ctrl/⌘+Z) reverts the last change; SUVmax, SUVpeak, MTV and TLG are computed from the corrected mask. Lesions can also be added by tapping them on the MIP. Measured lesions download as DICOM SEG and RTSTRUCT (linked to the source PET images; can be loaded into a PACS).
  • New "Thesis and poster" tab in the academic tools: fill in the form and download the skeleton of your thesis as a Word file (title page, contents, abstracts, chapters, nuclear medicine subheadings in Methods, checklist notes for the study type, your reference list); preview a conference poster on the page and download it as an editable PowerPoint file (A0, 90 × 120 cm or 16:9 e-poster).
  • New New "References" tab in the academic tools: enter a DOI or PMID and the record comes from Crossref and PubMed; list it in Vancouver, AMA or APA 7 style, copy in one click, download or import BibTeX/RIS. "Check" compares your entry with the record and flags publications marked as retracted in PubMed. SPIRIT 2025 (randomised trial protocol) was also added to the checklists.
  • New Three current reporting checklists added to the academic tools: CONSORT 2025 (randomised trials), TRIPOD+AI (prediction models, including machine learning) and CLAIM 2024 (AI in medical imaging).
  • New "Cards from my wrong answers" on the Cards page: questions you answered wrongly can be studied as cards (question on the front, correct option and explanation on the back); the result moves the box in your review list.
  • New The home page animation scene grew from 6 to 12: alpha particle and Bragg peak, characteristic X-ray and Auger electron, collimator and distance, positron range, flow and uptake in myocardial perfusion, and distance and shielding were added. A link below leads to all animations.
  • New "Test yourself" at the end of each section: the questions linked to that section open and can be answered in place, without leaving the page. References such as "see Section 8.5" in the text are now clickable.
  • Improved Navigation: a "← Back" button at the top of every subpage (returns to the page you came from, where you left off; if you opened the page directly it goes to the parent page). Clicking a link shows a thin loading bar at the very top. The Learn and chapter pages open faster.
  • New Three new "Why it matters" boxes with questions: molar activity and receptor saturation (Chapter 11), Y-90 imaging (26), dose heterogeneity (26). Boxes and animations are now linked: "See the animation" in the box, "Read in the text" under the animation.
  • New Seven new "Why it matters" boxes, each with a question: fluorescence yield and Coster-Kronig transitions (Chapter 1), positron range in PET/MR (2), Cerenkov radiation (3), the septal penetration criterion (6), prompt gamma (7), effective dose equivalent versus effective dose (10), carrier Tc-99 (11).
  • Improved Quick review mode ("Key points only"): plain items right after a box or table are now hidden correctly, and tip boxes that follow plain text are now shown.
  • New Added the first "Why it matters" concept boxes to the book: recoil in alpha decay and the "in vivo generator" (Section 2.1.1), and the Lu-177m impurity and waste management (Section 26.4). Each has a new question (Chapter 2 question 23, Chapter 26 question 29); the boxes also show in quick review mode.
  • Content correction The source of the 37 MBq adult activity for salivary gland scintigraphy (EANM European Nuclear Medicine Guide) is now stated, with the 185-370 MBq range from the methods part of the same guide and the note that there is no separate EANM/SNMMI guideline for this study.
  • New Added transparency pages: About (who prepared it, how, independence), Content and source policy, and Error reporting and corrections. An "About" link is in the footer.
  • New Added a "Report content" item for phaeochromocytoma/paraganglioma imaging, lymphoedema lymphoscintigraphy, colon transit and Ga-67 scintigraphy.
  • New Added a "Report content" item for FDG in cardiac sarcoidosis, paediatric diuresis renography and DMSA, labelled leucocyte scintigraphy and FDG in infection (38 procedures in total).
  • New Added a "Report content" item for Meckel scintigraphy, hepatic haemangioma, gastric emptying, brain FDG PET, tau PET and SPECT/PET in epilepsy.
  • New Added a "Report content" item to 13 procedures in Chapters 13-17: radioiodine whole-body scan, uptake test, somatostatin receptor scintigraphy, MIBG in neuroblastoma, MUGA, cardiac MIBG, cardiac amyloidosis, cardiac PET, viability, NaF, captopril renography, renal transplant and quantitative perfusion.
  • New Added items common to all nuclear medicine reports (Chapter 27) and a "Report content" item for 13 procedures (thyroid, parathyroid, SSTR PET, bone, renography, V/Q, GI bleeding, hepatobiliary, brain perfusion, amyloid, DAT, FDG, PSMA); the FDG, V/Q and SSTR PET report templates now cite the current guidelines.
  • New Added preparation, activity and imaging time by tracer and the flortaucipir visual read rule for tau PET (EANM/SNMMI 2026), pitfalls of CSF flow scintigraphy, preparation and pitfalls of dacryoscintigraphy, and administration and pitfalls of LeVeen shunt scintigraphy.
  • New Added preparation for somatostatin receptor scintigraphy, preparation, protocol and causes of false negatives for GLP-1R (exendin) PET/CT, pitfalls of FDG PET viability imaging (ASNC/SNMMI), limits of planar measurement in preoperative quantitative perfusion (V/Q 2026), the indication for hepatic haemangioma scintigraphy and preparation for Ga-67 scintigraphy.
  • New Added normal distribution and physiological variability on NaF PET/CT (SNM 2010, EANM 2015), main indications and choice of agent for renal scintigraphy (SNMMI/EANM 2018), sources of error in GFR measurement and the indication for Meckel scintigraphy (SNMMI/EANM 2.0).
  • New Preparation (antibiotics), imaging timing and pitfalls for leucocyte scintigraphy (EANM 2018), normal uptake and pitfalls for paediatric MIBG (EANM 2018, SIOPEN 2026), and preparation and pitfalls for lymphoedema lymphoscintigraphy (Genoa protocol 2019) were added.
  • New Chapter 19 gained sources of error and preparation details for brain FDG PET (SNMMI/EANM 2.0), preparation and interpretation pitfalls for amyloid PET (atrophy, cerebellar reference, display scale per agent; SNMMI/EANM 2016), and preparation and visual interpretation pitfalls for ictal/interictal SPECT and FDG PET in epilepsy (EANM 2024).
  • Content correction Preparation, imaging time and pitfalls were added to cardiac amyloidosis scintigraphy; under the current consensus the diagnosis rests on the visual grade on SPECT (the H/CL ≥1.5 "strongly positive" criterion was removed). Preparation, normal values and pitfalls for salivary gland scintigraphy, interpretation and pitfalls for GER scintigraphy, and preparation, diagnostic criteria and pitfalls for GI bleeding scintigraphy (SNMMI/EANM 2.0) were added.
  • New Chapter 13 gained activities and imaging times per agent and pitfalls for thyroid scintigraphy, activity and interpretation of the uptake test (EANM/SNMMI 2019), and multiglandular disease, incidental findings and fluorocholine PET pitfalls in parathyroid imaging (EANM 2021); Chapter 26 gained follow-up and response criteria after Y-90 radioembolisation (EANM 2022).
  • Content correction Lu-177 DOTATATE (PRRT) was updated to the 2026 joint EANM/IAEA/SNMMI guidance: creatinine clearance below 40 mL/min is no longer an absolute exclusion (activity reduction by eGFR; safety below 30 not established), blood count thresholds, special warnings, interval between cycles, retreatment, toxicity, post-discharge precautions and follow-up. The Rapid Review table and one question explanation were corrected accordingly. Activity and acquisition details were added to renal transplant, liver-spleen and bone marrow scintigraphy.
  • Content correction Contraindications and radiation safety were added to the therapies in Chapter 26: breastfeeding interval, waiting after iodinated contrast and amiodarone, and pregnancy testing for I-131 in thyroid cancer (ATA 2025, SNMMI/EANM 2022); absolute and relative contraindications and protection of carers for I-131 MIBG (EANM 2008); contraindications, post-treatment SPECT/CT and MRI, and radiation safety for Ho-166 microspheres (EANM 2022); exclusion criteria and outpatient precautions for Y-90 ibritumomab.
  • Content correction Radiosynovectomy (Section 26.11) was completed with the EANM 2022 guideline: activities per joint, absolute and relative contraindications (a Baker's cyst only if ruptured), pre-treatment assessment, immobilisation and thromboprophylaxis, use in haemophilia and in children, and radiation safety. Statements on success by joint size were corrected to the pooled data. Tele-nuclear medicine (SNMMI/EANM 2.0) was added to Chapter 8; the service rule in DXA phantom quality control was corrected to the ISCD and ANZBMS rules; and the source of the ~70% excretion at 48 hours in colonic transit (Krevsky 1986) was given.
  • New Additions from current guidelines: FDG PET/CT in breast cancer from stage IIB (2024), imaging of peritoneal metastases (2024), FDG PET/CT in multiple myeloma and plasma cell disorders (IMPeTUs, response; 2024), SPECT/CT of the facet joints and the postoperative spine (2025), hybrid cardiovascular imaging (2024) and the flurpiridaz PET guideline (2025).
  • New PSMA PET reporting (PROMISE V2: PSMA expression score 0-3, miTNM, spleen as reference for PSMA-1007), drug withdrawal rules and interpretation for FES PET, and the uptake times, indications and pitfalls of the FAP PET guideline (2024) were added to Chapter 21.
  • New EANM's 2023 recommendations on the paediatric patient were added to Chapter 23: the place and timing of sedation (after injection for brain FDG), fasting times, anaesthetic cream, bladder catheter, diaper change, immobilisation, the caregiver's role and preparation.
  • Content correction New radiopharmaceuticals and therapies (2021-2026) were added to the relevant chapters: first-line PRRT with NETTER-2 and the role of PRRT in grade 3 NET (corrected), final NETTER-1 survival, COMPETE (Lu-177 edotreotide), hepatic arterial PRRT and the LUTIA trial, the current status of alpha PRRT with Ac-225 and Pb-212, approval of Lu-177 PSMA-617 in hormone-sensitive disease (PSMAddition), SPLASH and ECLIPSE, Ra-223 + enzalutamide (PEACE-3), activities and acquisition for flurpiridaz PET, approved PSMA PET agents, approval of F-18 FET, and sestamibi and girentuximab for renal masses. A summary list of 2020-2026 developments was added to Chapter 28.
  • New Animations can now use a light or dark stage: "Animation stage" in the "Aa" menu offers match theme (light in the light and sepia themes, dark in the dark theme), always dark or always light; the sun/moon button in each animation's bottom strip also switches the stage. Animations print on the light stage.

  • Content correction Y-90 radioembolisation (Section 26.7) was expanded with the EANM 2022 guideline: multi-compartment dosimetry whenever possible (BSA no longer recommended), contraindications and REILD, the lung dose limit not being absolute, MAA study technique and timing, and post-treatment imaging. Target doses are unchanged.
  • Content correction Palliative therapies for bone metastases (Chapter 26) were expanded with the 2023 SNMMI/EANM guideline: common preparation (bone scan, intervals for chemotherapy and RT, blood count thresholds), thresholds for subsequent Ra-223 cycles and life expectancy, retreatment with Sm-153, and flare rates.
  • Content correction RAI for benign thyroid disease (Section 26.1) was expanded with the values of the EANM 2023 guideline: target doses in Gy and a simplified activity formula for Graves' disease, toxic nodule, TMNG and non-toxic goitre, avoiding pregnancy for 4-6 months, stopping breastfeeding 6 weeks before, and low-dose prednisone prophylaxis for ophthalmopathy (0.2 mg/kg for 6 weeks).
  • New Chapter 23 gained items on paediatric DMSA (2022: timing of acute pyelonephritis and scar scans, SPECT and pinhole, normal variants) and bone hybrid imaging (2025: activity, SPECT/CT recommendation, the current role of bone scintigraphy).
  • Content correction Infection and inflammation imaging in Chapter 24 was updated to current guidelines: under ESC 2023, FDG PET/CT and leucocyte SPECT/CT are major criteria for native and prosthetic valves (the time condition for prosthetic valves was dropped), myocardial suppression preparation (24-48 hours of high-fat diet, at least 12 hours of fasting, heparin 50 IU/kg), postoperative uptake around vascular grafts may persist indefinitely, and the 2026 criteria for large-vessel vasculitis and PMR (cautious reading of grade 2 on digital PET, cranial artery scale, glucocorticoid timing, Leuven scores).
  • New Section 19.4 gained the EANM Focus Meeting 7 (2026) consensus: plasma biomarkers as first line, quantitative (centiloid) amyloid PET for treatment inclusion and monitoring, the role of tau PET in staging, FDG PET and co-pathology.
  • New Chapter 21 gained items on amino acid PET in brain metastases (2025 guideline: indication, activity, acquisition, TBR, the role of FDG, timing) and SSTR PET and PRRT in meningioma (2024 guideline).
  • Content correction SPECT and PET in epilepsy (Section 19.7) was updated to the 2024 EANM guideline: ictal injection ideally within the first 20 seconds under video-EEG, interictal studies 24-48 hours after the last seizure, SISCOM thresholds and sensitivities.
  • Content correction Brain FDG PET preparation (Section 19.2) was updated to the SNMMI/EANM 2.0 guideline: effect of blood glucose on brain uptake (reduced above 110 mg/dL, 160-180 mg/dL acceptable, insulin of no benefit), eyes kept open, acquisition starting at 30-40 minutes for neurology and 60 minutes for neuro-oncology, sedation at least 30-40 minutes after injection.
  • Content correction Brain death scintigraphy (Section 19.8) was updated to the 2025 SNMMI/EANM 3.0 guideline: activities (1110 MBq in adults, at least 185 MBq in children), prerequisites, imaging phases and projections, scalp tourniquet no longer recommended, the non-specific nature of the "hot nose" sign, interpretation and report wording, and intervals for repeat studies. A note was added to three question explanations.
  • Content correction SSTR PET (Section 13.3.6) was updated to the 2023 SNMMI/EANM guideline: somatostatin analogue withdrawal (short-acting 12 hours; scan just before the long-acting dose), activities and uptake times per agent, effective doses, false positives from osteoblasts and leucocytes, confirmation of splenules, and the fact that a change in uptake alone is not a response marker.
  • Content correction Lu-177 PSMA therapy (Section 26.5) was expanded to the 2023 EANM/SNMMI guideline: patient selection with PSMA PET (uptake thresholds relative to parotid and liver, the VISION size criterion, the role of FDG PET), relative contraindications and laboratory thresholds, administration and hydration, follow-up and restaging, postponement and activity-reduction rules for side effects, and VISION dosimetry. The progression-free survival statement for TheraP was corrected (equal medians, but significantly longer with Lu-177 PSMA).
  • Content correction Lung V/Q scintigraphy (Chapter 17 and Quick Review) was updated to the 2026 SNMMI/EANM/ACNM/ANZSNM guideline: adult and paediatric MAA activities, at least 100,000 particles (also in pregnancy), injection over about 30 seconds, a perfusion/ventilation count ratio of at least 4, planar count targets, DTPA and Technegas activities, half-activity V/Q SPECT in pregnancy, SPECT as the preferred technique and probabilistic reporting not recommended for SPECT, PE burden, SPECT-specific false mismatches, CTEPH and follow-up. Five question explanations and one option were updated (correct answers unchanged).
  • Content correction Oncological FDG PET/CT preparation (Chapters 7 and 21) was updated to the 2025 EANM guideline (version 3.0): fasting for at least 4 hours (ideally 6), a blood glucose threshold of 11 mmol/L (~200 mg/dL) with a lower limit of 4 mmol/L, no insulin to lower glucose, avoiding exercise for at least 6 hours (preferably 24), 1 L of water before injection, lower activities on digital and long axial field-of-view systems, and SUL with glucose correction.
  • Content correction Differentiated thyroid cancer (Chapters 13 and 26) was updated to the 2025 ATA guideline: a four-tier risk-of-recurrence classification (low, low-intermediate, intermediate-high, high), no routine ablation at low risk and new activity ranges, TSH targets based on response to therapy, response-to-therapy categories, stopping breastfeeding at least 3 months before RAI, and new RAI-refractory criteria. Four question explanations were updated; in one question an option was corrected because two options fell within the recommended range (the correct answer is unchanged).
  • New A "Current guidelines on this chapter's topics" box at the end of every chapter: the latest guidelines and consensus documents on the procedures covered, with their year and a link to the source (127 guidelines across 22 chapters; the official EANM index and primary sources such as ATA 2025).
  • Improved The current guidelines box at the end of a chapter is now the last entry in the chapter's contents lists (the fixed side list and the drop-down list).
  • Content correction The remaining topics from the curriculum review were added: on-site and hospital response to a radiation accident in Chapter 10 (triage, contamination criterion, order of decontamination; IAEA 2024), incidental findings on CT (pulmonary nodule, adrenal mass, thyroid nodule) and MR spectroscopy in Chapter 7, DICOM, Interfile and PACS in Chapter 8, breast-dedicated PET in more detail and tumour imaging with Tc-99m(V)-DMSA and Tl-201 in Chapter 21, hybrid tracer (ICG-Tc-99m-nanocolloid) guided surgery in Chapter 22, intracavitary therapy for cystic craniopharyngioma in Chapter 26, clinical audit and structured reporting in Chapter 27, Good Clinical Practice (ICH E6(R3), 2026) and the SPIKES protocol for breaking bad news in Chapter 29.
  • Content correction How Doppler ultrasound works (Doppler angle, colour/power/spectral Doppler, aliasing) was added to Chapter 13, and the standard curve and quality control in immunoassay to Chapter 5. The tau PET appropriate-use list in Chapter 19.5 was corrected to the 2025 criteria: determining dementia severity is "uncertain", not "rarely appropriate".
  • New Three new figures: the seven regions and geometric-centre reference ranges in colon transit scintigraphy (Figure 18.3a), choice of frequency and three common artefacts in ultrasound (Figure 13.7a), and MR safety zones and labels (Figure 7.15a).
  • Content correction The appropriate-use list for amyloid PET in Chapter 19.4 was updated from the 2013 criteria to the 2025 criteria of the Alzheimer's Association and SNMMI: a typical (amnestic) presentation with onset after 65 now counts as appropriate use, and determining eligibility for, and monitoring response to, an approved amyloid-targeting therapy were added. MR safety was added to Chapter 7 (safety zones, MR Safe / Conditional / Unsafe labels, SAR, quench; ACR 2026). DXA phantom frequency and the cross-calibration rule were added in Chapter 15 (EANM 2025).
  • Content correction Four more topics from the curriculum review were added: how ultrasound works in Chapter 13 (probe, frequency, artefacts), SeHCAT for bile acid malabsorption in Chapter 18 (NICE 2021), gastric emptying scintigraphy in children in Chapter 23 (SNMMI/EANM 2025), and anti-amyloid therapy and ARIA in Chapter 19 (the place of amyloid PET before treatment, MRI monitoring). The new tip box in Chapter 19 adds three tip cards.
  • Content correction Four topics found missing in the curriculum review (UEMS/EBNM 2023, TSNM 2022) were added: iodine-based contrast media and gadolinium-based agents in Chapter 7 (classification and first response for hypersensitivity reactions, eGFR thresholds for renal risk, metformin, NSF risk classes; ESUR 2026), PTH measurement in parathyroid aspirates in Chapter 13 (EANM 2021), geometric-centre reference ranges for colon transit in Chapter 18 (SNMMI/EANM 2013), and who should have DXA plus minimum acceptable precision in Chapter 15 (ISCD 2023). The new tip box in Chapter 7 adds three tip cards.
  • New Tip cards: Board Review → Cards. The 427 board tip boxes of the text became 1,146 question → answer cards; the card text is the box itself. Say the answer to yourself, turn the card, choose "I knew it" or "I missed it": a card you missed comes back tomorrow, a card you knew after 3, 7, 14 and 30 days. The "Tip cards" link on a chapter page opens only that chapter's cards. Keyboard: Space shows the answer, 1 missed, 2 knew it.
  • New Quick review mode: a "Full text / Key points only" switch at the top of every chapter. "Key points only" keeps just the most frequently asked box, the board tip boxes, tables, figures and animations, and the end-of-chapter summary; the text itself does not change. Your choice is remembered across chapters; if you open a heading that exists only in the full text, that page switches back to the full text.
  • New Learning objectives were added at the top of every chapter (4–6 per chapter): select the "Learning objectives and modules" row to open them.
  • New Chapters are now divided into study modules: 30–60 minute modules at the top of each chapter (read, watch the animations, answer the questions linked to those headings), with estimated time and your progress per module. The order of the text is unchanged. Board Review has a new "Diagnostic test": two questions from every chapter and a suggested study order.
  • New The Animations section is open: all 73 interactive animations of the book in one list. Filter by area or search by name or step title; each row takes you to the animation in the book.
  • New The animation on the home page changes on every visit: the Mo-99/Tc-99m generator, Compton scattering, tomographic reconstruction, the renogram and the chart of nuclides join PET coincidence detection (six scenes). The same one never comes twice in a row and none repeats until you have seen them all; the animation of the chapter you read last comes first. You can also switch with the "Another animation" button or the dots under the drawing.
  • Improved The kidney in the renogram animation (Figures 16.2, 16.4, 23.3) was redrawn to real anatomy: seven pyramids, seven minor calyces cupping the papillae, and three major calyces (upper, middle, lower). The renogram scene on the home page shows the same anatomy.
  • Improved Mock exams and Flagged now use the same keyboard shortcuts: A–E or 1–5 for options, F to flag, N for the note, ← → and J / K to move between questions. The Help page and the shortcut list (press ?) were updated.
  • Improved Changing the language keeps you on the page you are on: TR / EN in the top bar no longer sends you to the home page; your reading position, the question you are on and your search query are kept too. Settings now has a "Language" section.
  • New Manage progress: at the bottom of Board Prep → Statistics and in Settings. You can separately reset one chapter, only the wrong answers of a chapter, all wrong answers, the review list, exam history, the daily streak, all answers, or everything. Each reset asks for confirmation, can be undone within 5 seconds and makes an automatic backup first. A settings icon was added to the top bar.
  • New Chapter questions now open one question at a time: ← → and, on a phone, a sideways swipe change the question, the question grid shows correct, wrong and flagged questions, and the question you were on is remembered; you can switch back to the "List" view. Keyboard: A–E or 1–5 pick an option, F flags, N opens the note, J / K go to the next / previous question (also in Study and Review). Use Shift + ← → to change chapter.
  • New Animations on a dark stage: every animation in the book now sits on a dark background in every theme; photons are light blue, the radioactive agent orange, electrons violet. Scintigraphy and slice images are shown as on a display: counts are bright, the background black (captions were updated accordingly). The book's static figures stay on a light background.
  • Improved New addresses: page addresses are now the same in every language and readable (for example /en/learn/pet-ct-and-pet-mr, /en/practice/review, /en/tools/dose, /en/calendar). Old links and bookmarks keep working and forward to the new address. Your progress, flags and notes are unchanged.
  • New New page layouts: a running PET scene at the top of the home page (two photons from each annihilation, the recorded lines and the image building up). A new area in the top menu: Learn, the index of the 29 chapters. Board Review is now for answering questions: today's review, where you left off and days to your exam at the top, chapter questions and mock exams below. Chapter pages have a new title and a details line.
  • New New look: calmer colours, new typefaces (Inter Tight for headings, Inter for text), a single accent colour and rounded buttons. The light, dark and sepia themes are all updated. Page layouts and a dark stage for the animations follow in the next steps.

  • Improved The completion pass is finished: in the tomography, direct/indirect action, DNA repair, survival curve, generator, SPECT artefact, PET and renogram animations ↑ ↓ now change that step's choice, and a single click on the drawing pauses and resumes (the renogram keeps its own play button). All animations in the book now share the same way of use.

  • Improved Chapters 27, 28 and 29: in the gamma camera quality control, theranostic patient selection, total-body PET, diagnostic test, statistical power and observer agreement animations a single click on the drawing pauses and resumes; ↑ ↓ change the state, the scenario, the system and the effect size. "Test yourself" questions were added to Figures 27.6 and 27.10.
  • Improved Chapters 25 and 26: a new window in the Y-90 radioembolisation animation — the β⁻ range around a single microsphere at true scale (each decay takes its energy from the Y-90 spectrum and its track from energy loss and scattering; about 3 mm on average, at most about 11 mm). In the dacryoscintigraphy, salivary gland, PRRT and Y-90 animations a single click on the drawing pauses and resumes; ↑ ↓ change the scenario, the amino acid infusion, the microsphere type and the shunt fraction.
  • Improved Chapters 23 and 24: in the paediatric dosage card, Ga-67 mechanism and labelled leukocyte animations a single click on the drawing pauses and resumes; ↑ ↓ change the radiopharmaceutical, the tissue and the labelling agent.
  • Improved Chapters 21 and 22: in the FDG trapping, lymphatic transport and gamma probe animations a single click on the drawing pauses and resumes; ↑ ↓ change the radiopharmaceutical, the detector crystal and the acceptance angle.
  • Improved Chapters 19 and 20: in the brain perfusion, ictal SPECT, Deauville score and dilution animations a single click on the drawing pauses and resumes; ↑ ↓ change the tracer, the injection time and the scenario.
  • Improved Chapters 17 and 18: in the Xe-133 ventilation, MAA, gastric emptying and HIDA animations a single click on the drawing pauses and resumes; ↑ ↓ change the shunt fraction and the scenario.
  • Improved Chapters 15 and 16: in the bone tracer, three-phase bone, nephron and GFR animations a single click on the drawing pauses and resumes; ↑ ↓ change the tracer and the disease pattern. In Figure 15.1 unbound MDP molecules no longer fade out but return the way they came; the technetium atom uses its element colour. "Test yourself" questions were linked to the renogram animations (Figures 16.2 and 16.4). The polar map and Tl-201 animations now run smoothly on low-power phones.
  • Content correction Section 13.3: the delayed phase of parathyroid MIBI scintigraphy was corrected from 2-3 hours to 90-150 min (1.5-2.5 hours) (EANM practice guidelines for parathyroid imaging, 2021; the chapter summary and the Quick Review table already said so). The Figure 13.7 animation now shows 90-150 min as well.
  • Improved Chapters 13 and 14: in the iodine metabolism, parathyroid MIBI, myocardial perfusion tracer and Tl-201 animations ↑ ↓ change the selection (drug, scenario, flow level, tracer) and a single click on the drawing pauses and resumes.
  • Improved Animations now fit the screen on the book page: on wide screens the drawing height is limited, the time bar (play/pause) sits directly under the drawing, and settings and notes follow. Figure 3.9 is visible on a laptop screen without scrolling; in full screen the distance scale at the bottom is no longer hidden behind the time bar. In Figure 3.4 the drawing and the energy chart are side by side; in the radiation protection animation the note now covers only the current step. A double click is now recognised only when the two clicks come within 0.3 seconds: pausing and resuming a second or two later no longer enlarges or shrinks the animation.
  • Content correction Section 10.4.2 and Figure 10.7: the two-dosimeter formula was corrected. 1.5 × H(waist) + 0.04 × H(collar) gives the effective dose equivalent in NCRP 122 (H_E; the method accepted by the NRC in the USA); the same report's effective dose formula E ≈ 0.5 × H(waist) + 0.025 × H(collar) was added. The unsourced "simplified" formula was replaced with the simple algorithm of ICRP 139 (2018): E ≈ H(waist) + 0.1 × H(collar) (0.05 with a thyroid shield).
  • Improved Chapters 11 and 12: a new value in the generator animation — the Tc-99m share of the technetium atoms on the column (about 28% 24 hours after a complete elution, about 8% after 72 hours; the rest is carrier Tc-99). "Test yourself" questions were linked to Figure 11.6; in the cyclotron and ITLC animations ↑ ↓ change the selection and a single click pauses; photons in Figure 11.10 are drawn as wavy lines.
  • Improved Chapters 9 and 10: in Figure 9.11 (depth of interaction) photon paths are now drawn as wavy lines like the rest of the book; in the count–noise and partial volume animations ↑ ↓ change the total counts and the lesion diameter; "Test yourself" questions were linked to the Figure 10.3 and 10.8 animations.
  • Improved Chapter 8: an atomic-scale window was added to the attenuation animation — in tissue the photon is not absorbed but Compton-scattered; each event shows whether the scattered photon stays inside the energy window. "Test yourself" questions were linked to the PET and tomography animations of Chapters 7 and 8.
  • Improved Chapter 6: a new step in the collimator animation — septal thickness and photon energy (Tc-99m, Ga-67 and I-131 photons are traced one by one through LEHR, MEGP and HE collimators; with a low-energy collimator most I-131 counts arrive through the septa). In the distance steps the object can be dragged or moved with ← →.
  • Improved Four animation steps were made faster for low-power phones (Figures 1.7, 2.5, 3.1, 3.6).
  • Improved Chapter 5: the Townsend avalanche next to the wire of a gas detector and the interaction site in a NaI crystal are now shown in micro-scale windows; the MR field can be switched on in the photomultiplier step (at 3 T electrons cannot reach the dynodes); HPGe was added to the energy resolution step.
  • Content correction Chapter 4: RBE and the radiation weighting factor (wR) are now separated for neutrons and alpha particles — clinical RBE ≈ 2-5 in fast neutron therapy, wR 2.5-20 in protection; for alpha particles wR = 20, and RBE ≈ 3-5 for deterministic effects in therapy (MIRD 22). The LET at which the OER falls to 1 was corrected to ~150-200 keV/µm (IAEA, Hall & Giaccia).
  • Improved Figure 4.9: the tracks of γ and X-rays are now drawn as secondary electrons; LET can be set to any value by dragging on the right-hand chart. The fractionation step of Figure 4.4 now lists the 4 Rs.
  • New Visual glossary in Help: every symbol and colour used in the book's figures and animations on one page (particle symbols, anatomy, material and element colours). More navigation: on a phone, swipe sideways at the top or end of a chapter to change chapter; on question pages ← → move to the previous and next question set; on Board pages press g, then a chapter number (e.g. g 1 3) to open that chapter.
  • New Moving between chapters: previous and next chapter links are now at the top of each chapter too; use ← → to change chapter (while an animation is selected the arrows stay with it). Hold ↑ ↓ and the page scrolls faster the longer you hold; Shift + ↑ ↓ jumps between headings. A thin bar at the top shows how much of the chapter you have read. "All chapters" now returns to your chapter in the list.
  • Improved Figures 3.5 and 3.6: atomic nuclei use element colours and names; the shares step now also shows the electrons released, and ↑ ↓ change the medium. New window in the shielding step: a single photon in lead at atomic scale, undergoing photoelectric, Compton or coherent interaction (including the K vacancy and the Pb Kα X-ray).
  • Improved Figure 2.1: before each decay the parent nucleus is shown for one second with its name; alpha emitters added (Ra-223, Ac-225, Th-227, At-211, Po-213, Po-212; real alpha lines, daughter levels and recoil). 58% of At-211 decays are electron capture (no alpha; the daughter Po-211 emits a 7.45 MeV alpha half a second later). The energy bar shows Q = alpha + recoil + daughter excitation; the angle between β and neutrino follows the real angular distribution.
  • Improved Figure 2.2: the close-up is the same for every radionuclide (×6); the nucleus is sized by mass number, drawn in its element colour with its name beside it; positron and electron have the same size; the track bends at each visible collision (small angles at first, large near the end; checked against the Highland formula).
  • Improved Figure 3.2: plexiglass now has a light greenish colour that no longer blends with photons; the magnifier shows the atomic scale: the β⁻ is deflected in the nucleus's electric field and a bremsstrahlung photon is born at a sharp bend; in lead (Z 82) the deflection is large and photons are frequent, in plexiglass (carbon, Z 6) the deflection is small and photons are rare.
  • Improved Element colours now come from a single source across the book: atoms and nuclei use the standard chemistry colours and are never made transparent (Figure 20.8 Y-90 and Figure 28.1 Ga-68 and Lu-177 fixed; range lists now show the selection with an outline). In Figure 3.10 the alpha particle is drawn as 2 protons + 2 neutrons.

  • Improved The Figure 2.2 positron scene was rebuilt with real physics: each positron's energy is drawn from the real β⁺ spectrum and its track follows NIST ESTAR energy loss with multiple scattering (mean net distance agrees with published Monte Carlo results). All radionuclides share one scale and one real time scale: an Rb-82 positron travels clearly further than an F-18 one. Tissue electrons are in the scene from the start and the positron slows down by knocking them out; the path is straight at first and becomes tortuous as it slows; the two 511 keV photons have equal length. Figures 7.1, 2.1, 3.1 and 5.1 now also use a common scale and time (e.g. the Po-213 alpha track is longer than Ra-223's; in the argon chamber the alpha stops at 4.5 cm).
  • Improved Atomic nuclei in animations: the radionuclide name sits inside the nucleus, nuclear size scales with mass number (A^1/3), and every element has its standard chemistry colour (e.g. in electron capture the nucleus turns from Tl-201 into Hg-201, and after beta decay the daughter nucleus is shown). In Figure 2.2 the tissue electrons are in the scene from the start; the positron hits and pushes them, and annihilates with the last one. Particle tracks start at the nuclear surface.
  • Improved Scientific notation in animations: photons are now drawn as in textbooks, as a wavy line with an arrowhead (scintillation light as a looser orange wave); figures too. Help has a new "Symbols" section. In Figure 3.9 the source emits a constant number of photons regardless of distance; drag the worker, change the distance smoothly with ← →, pause with one click. In Figure 3.4 every step and radionuclide restarts from the beginning; drag the photon tip or use ↑ ↓ to change the angle. The beta shielding scene has a magnifier window. In the last PET steps ⏸ now really stops the scene.
  • Improved The beta-source shielding animation was redrawn: β⁻ particles slow down along a winding path and stop in the first shield layer, and a bremsstrahlung photon is born where they brake (about 12 times more in lead than in plexiglass); lead absorbs the photon, plexiglass does not. The shield is drawn to scale. The repeated number in the mixed-exam boxes was removed.
  • Improved Animations: moving particles, photons, tracks and lines no longer leave the drawing, slip under the title or the bottom strip, or run across labels (e.g. the antineutrino in Figure 2.1 and the annihilation photons in Figure 2.2). Every animation in the book was checked one by one on two screen sizes.
  • New Image analysis: TARE inputs — perfused volume, tumour volume, tumour-to-normal ratio and lung shunt (SPECT/CT, planar anterior-only, geometric mean) from MAA SPECT/CT and planar images, sent to the TARE calculator in one click. Anonymisation now finds and blacks out text burned into the image (name, ID, date); check the preview and add boxes by hand. Measured lesion boundaries also show on the MIP.
  • New Image analysis: lesion measurement — tap a lesion to get SUVmax, SUVpeak, SUVmean, MTV and TLG, with the lesion boundary drawn on the image. Choose the boundary method (SUV 4.0, SUV 2.5, 41% SUVmax, 50% SUVpeak, PERCIST liver threshold); total TMTV/TLG and the table can be copied as CSV. Works on PET slices without CT too.
  • Improved Enlarged figures no longer have their bottom cut off; on a phone held sideways an enlarged figure now uses the whole screen. Every figure in the book was checked one by one on six screen sizes.
  • New Image analysis: PET/CT fusion (PET and CT are matched in millimetres even at different resolutions; HU and SUV together at the cursor, jump to the highest SUV in one click) and a rotating MIP (tap a level to open it in the fusion view).
  • Improved Image analysis: compressed DICOM now opens too (JPEG 2000, JPEG-LS, JPEG, RLE, Deflate); studies that PACS and workstations export compressed are decoded losslessly in the browser.
  • New Image analysis (first version): drop a DICOM folder, files or zip exported from any PACS or workstation; series are recognised and checked, identifiers are not shown, an anonymised copy can be downloaded; SUV for PET (QIBA method). Images never leave your computer.
  • Improved Animations now play when enlarged (full screen); every animation has a play/pause strip below (a seekable bar where there is a time axis); clicking the drawing no longer pauses — use Space or the ⏸ button, double-click to enlarge; ← → still seek after pausing. Form fields that shifted when a label wrapped are aligned again.
  • New Procedure logbook: counts only of diagnostic and therapeutic procedures, progress towards the FEBNM target (3000 diagnostic, 100 therapeutic) and CSV download. No patient data.
  • New Academic tools "Your data": Cohen and weighted kappa, ICC, Bland-Altman, ROC/AUC (Youden threshold) and Kaplan-Meier + log-rank from data pasted from Excel, with charts. Data never leaves the browser.
  • New By country: calculators show MBq first or (US) mCi first, dates in your country's format (Settings → Units and dates); I-131 release now includes Türkiye's Radiation Safety Regulation (art. 31) next to the NRC; mock exams can follow your country's exam format (TNTD 100 questions, FEBNM 140).
  • Improved TARE: dose targets rebuilt from the three EANM 2022 tables (glass, resin, Ho-166 × segmentectomy, radiation lobectomy, unilobar, bilobar); residual activity, whole non-tumoural liver, post-treatment verification and a copyable plan summary added.
  • New 8 new report templates (draft, under review): parathyroid, diuretic renography, brain perfusion SPECT, dopaminergic imaging (DaT), amyloid PET, sentinel lymph node, GI bleeding and hepatobiliary scintigraphy. 15 templates in total.
  • Content correction TARE: the Ho-166 dose factor now matches the manufacturer's instructions and the HEPAR studies (15.87 Gy·kg/GBq); liver density (1.03 g/mL) is referenced to AAPM MPPG 14.a. The SSTR template now has the full 0–4 Krenning scale, and the PRRT threshold reads "at least equal to liver".
  • Improved 18 layout defects left over from the PDF conversion were fixed: split formulas and tip boxes were joined, sub-headings stuck to bullet points were separated, two comparison tables (amyloid PET agents, statistical tests) became real tables, and the NRC release introduction and the radionuclidic purity definition moved to their proper place. No wording changed.
  • New New report template: SSTR PET/CT (Ga-68 DOTATATE/TOC/NOC) with SSTR-RADS 1.0 and the Krenning scale (draft, under review).
  • New TARE dosimetry (first version, under review): partition model, MIRD, lung dose and EANM/international limits for Y-90 glass, Y-90 resin and Ho-166.
  • Improved If you have not set an exam date, the Board home page shows the board exam for your country.
  • New Academic tools: sample size and power, a diagnostic test calculator with 95% confidence intervals (sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, LR) and the STARD, STROBE, PRISMA and CARE checklists.
  • New The calendar follows your country: your own country, your region (e.g. Europe) and international exams, congresses and programmes come first; change the country at the top or show all countries.
  • Improved Full-screen animations now fit any computer screen without scrolling: steps on top, the drawing and timeline on the left, the text on the right, keyboard shortcuts below.
  • Improved Figure zoom renewed: an enlarged figure fills the screen, zooms with the wheel or + −, and can be dragged around. Figures on the page are no longer oversized.
  • New Search and ask: the magnifier in the top bar opens a panel on every page; type or say "chapter 13 questions", "calculate SUV", "Deauville score" to get the right page, tool and sources from the book. You can also select a sentence and press "Ask". Tap outside the panel to close it (Ctrl/⌘ K opens it too).
  • New Voice search: tap the microphone and speak (e.g. "technetium ninety-nine m" → Tc-99m). The microphone shows in every browser and explains when the browser cannot use it.
  • New Tools and Calendar now have their own short tours; each page has a "Take the short tour" button.
  • Improved The highlight button is readable in dark mode. Chapter read-aloud has been removed.
  • Content correction Six questions in the mixed exams were aligned with the book's current values: highest BE/A (Ni-62), SPECT photon energy range, Lu-177 PSMA cycle interval, radiosynovectomy particle size (µm), pregnancy in amyloid PET and the breastfeeding interval after I-123. Correct answers did not change.
  • New The English draft translation is complete: 29 chapters, the Quick Review tables and 10 mixed exams.

  • Content correction 63 small corrections across the book: garbled formulas (Chang, MLEM, Compton etc.), shifted symbols and typos; the definition of coincidence resolving time τ and the dose calibrator linearity interval were made consistent between chapters.
  • Improved Dose calculators, the dosimetry simulator and report templates now display correctly in dark mode; a "take the short site tour" link was added to the home page.
  • New The English draft translation now covers Chapters 1-19.
  • New English translation has started: Chapter 1 (topic, questions and figures) is available as a draft; other chapters will follow as they are translated.
  • New Polar map animation (Chapter 14): how short-axis slices become the bull's-eye map, the AHA 17 segments and coronary territories, and step-by-step SSS/SRS/SDS scoring.
  • New First drafts of the legal texts (terms, privacy, cookies, subscription and refunds, medical disclaimer, AI notice, contribution agreement, community guidelines, accessibility); they take effect after legal review.
  • New Listening mode: chapters, key points and Quick Review tables are read aloud with your device's voice; the current paragraph is highlighted, speed is adjustable and headphone buttons work. Abbreviations and units are read correctly (e.g. Tc-99m, µSv/MBq).
  • New Dosimetry simulator (education): time–activity curve, cumulated activity, organ dose, single-time-point method, cycle totals, kidney BED and the Marinelli formula on Lu-177 DOTATATE, Lu-177 PSMA and Graves' example cases.
  • New Site tour and an "AI and Claude" page: the difference between Claude inside the site and using your own Claude, what works today, and privacy.
  • New First version of the Claude connector (local trial): search and read the book, answer questions, use calculators, build report text and check the calendar from Claude.
  • New Report PDFs are now generated in the browser with the reporting physician block, an optional visual signature (draw or upload), physician approval and a signature field you can sign with your own e-signature software.
  • Improved The calendar now shows upcoming dates only, with a direct application or registration link on every exam, event and programme.
  • New Report templates now support dictation, ready phrases and export: voice commands such as "normal findings", "chest normal", "lesion left axillary eighteen millimetre SUV eight point four", "Deauville four"; one-click normal study; lesions chosen from a list read correctly in every language; draft impression; PDF, Word, text, e-mail and share.
  • New Calendar: dates, format and checklists for the Turkish board exam, the European board exam (FEBNM) and ABNM; EANM, SNMMI and TSNM events; TÜBİTAK fellowships and EANM/ESMIT opportunities. Follow and add to calendar (.ics).
  • New Report templates (draft): FDG PET/CT, PSMA PET/CT, bone, myocardial perfusion, V/Q and thyroid; guideline items, required-field reminders, Turkish and English report text. Nothing you enter is saved anywhere.
  • Improved The site is now organised in sections: a general home page, Board Review (with its own menu) and Tools. Old links redirect; the book links to the matching calculator with "Try it in the calculator".
  • New Dose calculators: decay, unit converter, paediatric activity (EANM card), effective dose, breastfeeding interruption, I-131 for hyperthyroidism (calculated dose and Marinelli), SUV/SUL, I-131 release.
  • New Today's study plan (review + new questions up to your daily goal), daily goal, streak and exam countdown.
  • New Mixed tests and timed mock exams from the chapters you choose.
  • New Statistics page and a quick review of "Key Points for the Board".
  • New Linked question counts next to headings; "Back to the question" from a topic; text highlighting and "Highlights".
  • New Welcome tour and an expanded help page (guide and FAQ); last review date on each chapter.
  • Improved A video-player-style time bar under animations with a time axis.
  • Improved Human figures in figures and animations now use one anatomically proportioned drawing (children look like children).
  • Improved New look: simpler home page, chapter icons, reading settings (light, sepia, dark theme; text size).
  • Content correction Guideline checks: Zevalin platelet nadir 7-9 weeks; heat-damaged RBC dose ~41 µSv/MBq; Lu-177 PSMA protocol (EANM/SNMMI 2023); In-111 photon energies; breastfeeding after I-123 ~3 days; leukocyte labelling efficiency; flutemetamol timing; breastfeeding after FDG; fetal thresholds.

  • New All chapter figures were redrawn as vector graphics; new animations were added to Chapters 4-29.
  • Improved Shared animation speed setting (0.5×-1.5×); animations start paused when "reduce motion" is on.
  • Improved The contents panel can be hidden; feedback buttons on figures without animation too.
  • Content correction DMSA uptake mechanism (filtered, then taken up by megalin/cubilin in the proximal tubule); dose calibrator linearity frequency per EANM; highest BE/A is Ni-62 in Figure 1.6; 16-25 weeks labelled "mid-fetal" in Figure 4.12.

  • New Animations now sit in the book, in place of the figure they replace.
  • New Search across the book and questions; install on phone and read offline; question flags and notes; progress import from the earlier app.

  • New Chapter questions, mixed mock exams and the spaced review list.
  • Content correction All text and source-marked questions were rewritten in original wording; numerical values were checked against guidelines.